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2003-Jul-11 ![[this day]](http://radio.weblogs.com/0103811/images/dailyLinkIcon.gif)
The Mongols are coming back
for peacekeeping and restoration duties.
In 1258 a Mongol army led by Hülegü attacked Baghdad. The Moslems tried to resist and the city was utterly destroyed. It is reported that almost 1 million of the city's inhabitants were massacred (and that the local Christians used the opportunity to free themselves from dhimmitude). Baghdad was sacked by the Mongols a second time, in 1401.
How environmentalism killed 14 astronauts
Hannes Hacker, an aerospace engineer and former flight controller at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston:
Having heroes like NASA's mission controllers around to quietly
brave the world's criticism certainly serves to divert attention from
those who have done the most to contribute to this disaster--and who
regard themselves as omniscient and omnipotent enough to command the
entire American economy and the lives of its citizens: the
environmentalists.
Why did the shuttle's foam insulation flake off? In response to an
edict from the EPA, NASA was required to change the design of the
thermal insulating foam on the shuttle's external tank. They stopped
using Freon, or CFC-11, in order to comply with the 1987 Montreal
Protocol, an agreement designed to head off doubtful prognostications
of an environmental disaster.
But it was the elimination of the old foam that led to a real
disaster for the shuttle program. The maiden flight with the new foam,
in 1997, resulted in a ten-fold increase to foam-induced tile damage.
The new foam was far more dangerous than the old foam. But NASA--a
government organization afraid of antagonizing powerful political
interests--did not reject the EPA's demands and thoroughly reverse
their fatal decision.
See also:
The difficulty of evaluating risks and learning from failures (2003-Apr-24)
Shuttle loss and death by PowerPoint (2003-Mar-27)
Faulty epistemology and the loss of the Columbia (2003-Mar-13)