I just stumbled across this experimental Query language for XML, called XCerpt. It is example-based variable binding, and looks very much like Prolog queries over a triples database, or like Redland's QBE would look if they used RDF/XML syntax instead of triples. Such query syntaxes seem popular for graph queries, but I'm not sure if they are really the best for users.
In any case, the paper on XCerpt was interesting. Although XQuery is not as "imperative" as the paper wants you to believe, XCerpt really does blur the line between "data" and "code" more than XQuery does. It makes you want to use it, because it hints seductively that code and data are really the same thing.
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