Shame Bibliography

This is the beginning of an effort to compile a shame bibliography. The sources are generally arranged alphabetically by author and in three broad categories:

1)  Shame and Spiritual Formation/Pastoral Care Resources; 2) Shame and Biblical/Theological Resources; and 3) Shame and Personal Growth/Psychological Resources.

Shame and Spiritual Formation/Pastoral Care Resources:

Beck, Elizabeth A. and Charles E. Beck.  "Therapy Implications of Shame in Divorce Counseling."  The Journal of Pastoral Counseling 21, no. 2 (1986): 93-104.

Binau, Bradley A.  "Shame and the Human Predicament."  In Counseling and the Human Predicament: A Study of Sin, Guilt and Forgiveness. Eds. LeRoy Aden and David G. Benner.  Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House. 1989.

Capps, Donald E.  "Parabolic Events in Augustine's Autobiography." Theology Today 40 (Oct. 1983): 260-272.

Capps, Donald.  Life Cycle Theory and Pastoral Care.  Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1983.

Hansen, Randall R.  "The Shameless God."  The Christian Ministry 15, no. 3 (May 1984): 24-26.

Larranga, I. Sensing Your Hidden Presence:  Toward Intimacy With God.  Garden City, NY: Image Books, 1987.

Leak, Gary K. and Stanley Fish.  "Religious Orientation, Impression Management, and Self Deception: Toward a Clarification of the Link Between Religiosity and Social Desirability."  Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 28, no. 3 (Sept. 1989): 355-359.

Ogoshi, Theodore T.  "The Pastoral Use of Shame as a Dynamic for Growth."  D.Min. diss., San Francisco Theological Seminary, 1985.

Peterson, G.  "Conscience and Caring."  Pastoral Psychology 33 (1982): 143.

Sanford, John A.  Healing and Wholeness.  New York: Paulist, 1977.

Sweeten, Gary R.  "Lay Helpers and Caring Community."  Journal of Psychology and Christianity 6, no. 2 (Sum. 1987): 14-20.

Shame and Biblical/Theological Resources:

Binau, Bradley Allen.  "Shame and Baptism:  Law and Gospel in Human Experience."  Ph.D. diss., Princeton Theological Seminary, 1987.

Blackwell, Philip.  "Be Not Ashamed."  Criterion 23 (Win. 1984): 25-26.

Boyle, Timothy D.  "Communicating the Gospel in Terms of Shame." The Japan Christian Quarterly 50 (Win. 1984): 41-46.

Boyle, Timothy Dale.  "Communicating the Gospel in Japanese Cultural Terms:  Practical Experiments at the Shintoku Kyodan Church."  D.Min. diss., Fuller Theological Seminary, 1986.

Burton, Laurel A.  "Original Sin or Original Shame?"  Quarterly Review 8 (Win. 1988): 31-41.

Cole, Ronald Dennis.  "The Idolatry Polemics in the Book of Jeremiah:  A Study in Prophetic Rhetoric."  Th.D. diss., New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary, 1984.

Corrigan, Gregory M.  "Paul's Shame for the Gospel."  Biblical Theology Bulletin 16, no. 1 (1986): 23-27.

Daube, David.  "Shame Culture in Luke."  In Paul and Paulinism. Ed. M. Hooker and S. Wilson. 1982.

Erikson, Erik H.  Young Man Luther.  New York: W. W. Norton, 1958.

Goodhue, Tom.  "Shame."  Quarterly Review 4 (Sum. 1984): 57-65.

Heller, Erich.  "Man Ashamed." Encounter 42, no. 2. (Feb. 1974):       23-30.

Hesla, David H.  "Greek and Christian Tragedy: Notes Toward a Theology of Literary History."  Journal of the American Academy of Religion: Thematic Studies 49, no. 2 (1983): 71-87.

Hesselgrave, David J.  "Missionary Elenctics and Guilt and Shame." Missiology: An International Review 11 (Oct. 1983): 461-483.

Koenig, Eduard.  "The Origin of the Sense of Decency According to the Bible."  Methodist Review 111 (Jan. 1928): 135-138.

Kraus, C. Norman.  "The Cross of Christ: Dealing With Shame and Guilt."  The Japan Christian Quarterly 53 (Fall 1987): 221-227.

Marshall, Peter.  "A Metaphor of Social Shame: thriambeuein in 2 Cor. 2:14."  Novum Testamentum 25 (Oct. 1983): 302-317.

Matsumoto, Paul.  "The Missiological Implications of Shame in the Japanese World View."  Th.M. diss., Fuller Theological Seminary, 1985.

May, David M.  "Mark 3:20-35 From the Perspective of Shame/Honor." Biblical Theology Bulletin 17 (July 1987): 83-87.

Moxnes, Halvor.  "Honor, Shame, and the Outside World in Paul's      Letter to the Romans."  In Social World of Formative Christianity and Judiasm. Ed. J. Neusner. 1988.

Muenchow, Charles.  "Dust and Dirt in Job 42:6."  Journal of Biblical Literature 108 (Win. 1989): 597-611.

Pagels, Elaine.  Adam, Eve, and the Serpent.  New York: Random      House, 1988.

Patton, John H.  "Human Forgiveness as Problem and Discovery."  The Christian Century 102 (Sept. 11-18, 1985): 795-797.

Peristiany, J. G.  Honor and Shame.  Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974.

Phillips, Anthony.  "The Book of Ruth: Deception and Shame." Journal of Jewish Studies 37, no. 1 (1986): 1-17.

Pruyser, Paul.  "Anxiety, Guilt and Shame in the Atonement."  Theology Today 21 (1964): 15-33.

Pruyser, Paul.  "Psychological Examination:  Augustine."  Journal       for the Scientific Study of Religion 5 (1965-66): 284-289.

Ramsey, Paul.  "Human Sexuality in the History of Redemption."  Journal of Religious Ethics 16 (Spr. 1988): 56-86.

Rassieur, Charles L.  "Ministry Without Shame: Stress Management Begins With Shame Management."  The Christian Ministry 15, no. 1 (Jan. 1984): 7-10.

Sesson, Jack M.  "Welo' yitbosasu (Gen. 2:25) and Its Implications."  Biblica 3 (1985): 418-421.

Stendahl, Krister.  "The Apostle Paul and the Introspective       Conscience of the West."  Harvard Theological Review 56 (1963): 199-215.

Taves, Ann.  "Spiritual Purity and Sexual Shame: Religious Themes in the Writings of Harriet Jacobs."  Church History 56 (March 1987): 59-72.

Verkamp, Bernard.  "Moral Treatment of Returning Warriors in the Middle Ages."  Journal of Religious Ethics 16 (Fall 1988): 223-249.

Shame and Personal Growth/Psychology Resources:

Ablamowicz, Halina.  "An Empirical Phenomenological Study of Shame."  Ph.D. diss., Southern Illinois University at Carbondale, 1984.

Alexander, Franz.  "Remarks About the Relation of Inferiority Feelings to Guilt Feelings."  International Journal of Psychoanalysis 19 (1938): 41-49.

Alonso, A. and J. S. Rutan.  "The Experience of Shame and the Restoration of Self Respect in Group Therapy."  International Journal of Group Psychotherapy 38 (1988): 3-14.

Amsterdam, Beulah K. and Morton Levitt.  "Consciousness of Self and Painful Self Consciousness."  Psychoanalytic Study of the Child 35 (1980): 67-83.

Apsler, Robert.  "Effects of Embarrassment on Behavior Toward Others."  Journal of Personality and Social Psychology  32, no. 1 (July 1975): 145-153.

Ausubel, D.  "Relationships Between Guilt and Shame in the Socialization Process."  Psychological Review 62 (1955): 378-390.

Babcock, Mary K and John Sabini.  "On Differentiating Embarrassment From Shame."  European Journal of Social Psychology 20, no. 2 (Mar.-Apr. 1990): 151-169.

Babcock, Mary K.  "Embarrassment: A Window on the Self."  Journal for the Theory of Social Behavior  18, no. 4 (Dec. 1988): 459-483.

Banmen, John.  "Guilt and Shame: Theories and Thearputic Possibilities." International Journal for the Advancement of Counseling  11, no. 1 (1988): 79-91.

Barry, M. J. "Depression, Shame, Loneliness and the Psychiatrist's Position." American Journal of Psychotherapy 16 (1962): 580-590.

Bassos, C. A. and Gershen Kaufman.  "The Dynamics of Shame: A Therapeutic Key to Problems of Intimacy and Sexuality."  Paper delivered at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, Montreal, Canada, 1973.

Binder, J. L.  "The Relative Proneness to Shame and Guilt as a Dimension of Character Style."  DAI 32 (1971): 1833B.

Bradlow, Paul A.  "Depersonalization, Ego Splitting Non Human Fantasy and Shame."  International Journal of Psycho-Analysis 54, no. 4 (1973): 487-492.

Bradshaw, John.  Healing the Shame That Binds You. Deerfield Beach, FL: Health Communications, 1988.

Broucek, Francis J.  Shame and the Self.  New York:  Guilford Press, 1991.

Broucek, Francis.  "Efficacy in Infancy: A Review of Some           Experimental Studies and Their Possible Implications for Clinical Theory."  International Journal of Psycho Analysis 60 (1979): 311-316.

Broucek, Francis.  "Shame and Its Relationship to Early Narcissistic Developments."  International Journal of Psycho Analysis 63 (1982): 369-378.

Broucek, Francis.  "The Sense of Self."  Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic 41, no. 1 (1977): 85-90.

Brown, Jeffrey A.  "Shame, Intimacy, and Sexuality"  Journal of Chemical Dependency Treatment  1, no. 1 (1987): 61-74.

Burgess, Thomas H.  The Physiology or Mechanism of Blushing. London: John Churchill, 1839.

Buss, Arnold H.  Self Consciousness and Social Anxiety.  San Francisco: W. H. Freeman, 1980.

Buss, Arnold H., Ira Iscoe, and Edith H. Buss.  "The Development of Embarrassment."  Journal of Psychology 103, no. 2 (1979): 227-230.

Campbell, Frances A.  "The Concept of Shame."  Perspectives in Psychiatric Care  22, no. 2 (Apr.-June 1984): 62-64.

Cappon, Daniel.  "The Cain Complex."  Psychiatric Annuals 6, no. 12 (Dec. 1976): 693-696.

Carmine, James Daniel.  "A Metaphor of Shame and the Myth of the Primal Scene."  Ph.D. diss., State University of New York at Stony Brook, 1988.

Chang, Shing-Shiong.  "The Measurement of Shame and Its Relationship to Other Personality Traits."  Ph.D. diss., Michigan State University, 1989.

Chit Tin, Saya U.  "The Two Guardians of the World: A Sense of Shame, A Fear of Blame."  The Middle Way 65 (Nov. 1990): 155-159.

Cicchetti, Dante, and J. Lawrence Aber.  "Early Precursors of Later Depression: An Organizational Perspective."  Advances in Infancy Research 4 (1986): 87-137.

Cook, D. R.  "Measuring Shame: The Internalized Shame Scale." 

Cook, D. R.  "Self Identified Addictions and Emotional Disturbances in a Sample of College Students."  Psychology of Addictive Behaviors 1 (1987): 55-61.

Cook, D. R.  "The Measurement of Shame: The Internalized Shame Scale."  Paper delivered at the American Psychological Association Convention.  Atlanta, August 1988.

Cook, D. R.  Draft Manual:  Clinical Use of Internalized Shame Scale.  Menomonie, WI:  University of Wisconsin - Stout, 1990.

Cook, D. R.  Internalized Shame Scale.  Menomonie, WI: University of Wisconsin - Stout, 1989.

Conn, Walter E.  "Affectivity in Kohlberg and Fowler."  Religious Education 76, no. 1 (Jan.-Feb. 1981): 33-48.

Cottle, Thomas J.  Children's Secrets.  Garden City, NY:  Anchor Press, 1980.

Cowan, Lyn.  "On Masochism." Spring (1979): 42-52.

Cramerus, Maryke.  "Self Derogation: Inner Conflict and Anxious Vigilance."  Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy 19, no. 1 (Spr. 1989): 55-69.

Dann, Oliver T.  "A Case Study of Embarrassment."  Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association 25, no. 2 (1977): 453-470.

Darwin, Charles.  The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals.  Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1965.

Diegh, John.  "Shame and Self Esteem: A Critique."  Ethics: An International Journal of Social, Political, and Legal Philosophy 93, no. 2 (Jan. 1983): 225-245.

Dienstbier, Richard A. et. al.  "An Emotion Attribution Approach to Moral Behavior: Interfacing Cognitive and Avoidance Theories of Moral Development."  Psychological Review 82, no. 4 (July 1975): 299-315.

Edelmann, Robert J.  "Embarrassment: The State of Research." Current Psychological Reviews 1, no. 2 (May - Aug. 1981): 125-137.

Edelmann, Robert J.  The Psychology of Embarrassment.  Chicester, England: Wiley, 1987.

Edwards, D. G.  "Shame and Pain and 'Shut Up or I'll Really Give You Something to Cry About'." Clinical Social Work 4 (1976): 3-13.

Ekman, P.  Emotion in the Human Face.  Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press, 1982.

Elias, Norbert. "The Civilizing Process." Vol. 1 The History of Manners. Tr. Edmund Jephcott.  New York: Pantheon, 1982.

Ellis, Havelock.  "The Evolution of Modesty."  In Studies in Psychology of Sex 3rd rev. ed., vol. 1.  New York: Random House, 1936.

Emad, P.  "Max Scheler's Phenomonology of Shame."  Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 32 (1972): 361-370.

English, Fanita.  "Shame and Social Control."  Transactional Analysis Journal 5, no. 1 (Jan. 1975): 24-28.

Erikson, Erik H.  Childhood and Society. 2nd rev. ed.  New York: W. W. Norton, 1963.

Erikson, Erik H.  Identity and the Life Cycle.  New York: W. W. Norton, 1980.

Evans, Sue.  "Shame, Boundaries and Dissociation in Chemically Dependent, Abusive and Incestuous Families."  Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly 4, no. 2 (Sum. 1987): 157-179.

Faulkner, Kim K. and Rosemary Cogan.  "Measures of Shame and Conflict Tactics: Effects of Questionnaire Order."  Psychological Reports 66, no 3 (June 1990): 1217-1218.

Feldman, S.  "Blushing, Fear of Blushing and Shame."  Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association 10 (1962): 368-385.

Fink, Edward L. and Barbara A. Walker.  "Humorous Responses to Embarrassment."  Psychological Reports  40, no. 2 (Apr. 1977): 475-485.

Fisher, Bruce.  "The Process of Healing Shame."  Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly 4 (1987): 25-38.

Fisher, S. F.  "Identity of Two: The Phenomenology of Shame in Borderline Development and Treatment."  Psychotherapy 22 (1985): 101-109.

Flanigan, Beverly J.  "Shame and Forgiving in Alocholism."  Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly  4, no. 2 (Sum. 1987): 181-195.

Fossom, Merle and M. Mason.  Facing Shame: Families in Recovery. New York: W. W. Norton, 1986.

Frank, Emily S.  "Shame and Guilt in Eating Disorders."  American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 61, no. 2 (Apr. 1991): 303-306.

Franzoi, Stephen L.  "Private Self Consciousness as Adaption Strategy."  Paper delivered to the Annual Psychological Association.  Sacramento, CA., 7-11 April, 1982.

Friesen, V. I.  "On Shame and the Family."  Family Therapy 6, no. 1 (1979): 39-58.

Goldberg, Carl.  "Replacing Moral Masochism with a Shame Paradigm in Psychoanalysis."  Dynamic Psychotherapy  6, no. 2 (Fall-Win. 1988): 114-123.

Goldberg, Carl.  "The Role of Existential Shame in the Healing Endeavor."  Psychotherapy 27, no. 4 (Win. 1990): 591-599.

Goldberg, Carl.  "The Shame of Hamlet and Oedipus."  Psychoanalytic Review 76, no. 4 (Win. 1989): 581-603.

Good, Lawrence R. and Katherine C. Good.  "An Objective Measure of the Motive to Avoid Appearing Incompetent."  Psychological Reports  32, no. 3 (June 1973): 1075-1078.

Gorsuch, Scott E.  "Shame and Acting Out in Psychotherapy."  Psychotherapy 27, no. 4 (Win. 1990): 585-590.

Grabelsky, Robert B.  "Shame and Tact:  An Object Relations View of Intersubjectivity."  Ph.D. diss., Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey - Newark, 1984.

Grayson, Paul A.  "The Self Criticism Gambit: How to Safeguard Self Esteem Through Blaming the Self."  Individual Psychology Journal of Alderian Theory, Research and Practice 39, no. 1 (Mar. 1983): 17-26.

Groen, Prakken J.  "Oedipus' Shame: On the Influence of Embarrassing Events During the First Years of Life on Later Development."  Sigmund Freud House Bulletin  12, no. 2 (Win. 1988): 20-28.

Gromberg, Edith L.  "Shame and Guilt Issues Among Woman Alcoholics."  Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly 4, no. 2 (Sum. 1987): 139-155.

Harder, David W.  "Character Style of the Defensively High Self Esteem Man."  Journal of Clinical Psychology 40, no. 1 (Jan. 1984): 26-35.

Harder, David W. and Alysa Zalma.  "Two Promising Shame and Guilt Scales: A Construct Validity Comapeison."  Journal of Personality Assessment 55, no. 3-4 (Win. 1990): 729-745.

Harper, James M. and Margaret H. Hooper.  Uncovering Shame: An Approach Integrating Individuals and Their Family Systems.  New York: Norton, 1990.

Heller, Agnes.  The Power of Shame: A Rational Perspective. London: Rutledge and K. Paul, 1985.

Hines, Sara Martin.  Shame on You: Help for Adults From Alcoholic and Other Shame Bound Families.  Nashville, TN: Broadman Press, 1990.

Hoblitzelle, Wendy.  "The Measurement of Shame and Guilt and the Role of Shame in Depression."  Ph.D. diss., Yale University, 1988.

Hoffer, Eric.  "Long Live Shame!" The New York Times October 18, 1974.

Horowitz, M.  "Self Righteous Rage and the Attribution of Blame." Archives of General Psychiatry 38 (1981): 133-138.

Hultberg, P.  "Shame: A Hidden Emotion."  Journal of Analytic Psychology 33 (1988): 109-126.

Isenberg, Arnold.  "Natural Pride and Natural Shame."  Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 10 (Sept. 1949): 1-24.

Izard, C. Human Emotions.  New York: Plenum, 1977.

Izard, Carroll E. Face of Emotion.  New York: Appleton Century-Crofts, 1971.

Johnson, Lynn.  "Creative Therapies in the Treatment of Addictions: The Art of Transforming Shame."  Arts in Psychotherapy 17, no. 4 (Win. 1990): 299-308.

Johnson, Ronald C.  "Guilt, Shame, and Adjustment in Three Cultures."  Personality and Individual Differences 8, no. 3 (1987): 357-364.

Johnson, Ronald.  "Guilt, Shame, and Adjustment: A Family Study." Personality and Individual Differences 10, no. 1 (1989): 71-74.

Kaufman, Gershen and L. Raphael.  "Relating to the Self: Changing Inner Dialogue."  Psychological Reports 54 (1984): 239-250.

Kaufman, Gershen and L. Raphael.  "Shame as Taboo in American Culture."  In Forbidden Fruits: Taboos and Tabooism in Culture. Ed. R. Browne.  Bowling Green, Ohio: Popular Press, 1984.

Kaufman, Gershen and L. Raphael.  Audiocassette. Listening to Your Inner Voices.  Washington, DC: Psychology Today Tapes, No. 20275, 1983.

Kaufman, Gershen and L. Raphael.  Dynamics of Power: Fighting Shame and Building Self Esteem 2nd ed. Rochester, VT: Schenkman Books, 1991.

Kaufman, Gershen.  "Disorders of Self Esteem: Psychotherapy for Shame-Based Syndromes."  In Innovations in Clinical Practice: A Source Book, Vol. 6.  Eds. P. A. Keller and S. R. Heyman.  Sarasota, FL: Professional Resource Exchange, Inc., 1987).

Kaufman, Gershen.  "Shame: A Perspective on Jewish Identity."  Journal of Psychology and Judiasm 11 (Spr. 1987): 30-40.

Kaufman, Gershen.  "The Meaning of Shame: Towards a Self Affirming Identity."  Journal of Counseling Psychology 21 (1974): 568-574.

Kaufman, Gershen.  Shame, the Power of Caring 2nd ed.  Cambridge, MA:  Schenkman Publishing Co., 1985.

Kaufman, Gershen.  The Psychology of Shame: Theory and Treatment of      Shame based Syndromes.  New York: Springer Publishing Co., 1989.

Kinston, Warren.  "The Shame of Narcissism."  In The Many Faces of Shame.  Ed. Donald L Nathanson.  New York: Guilford Press, 1987.

Koepke, David.  "Self-Concept, Self-Consciousness, and Personal Constructs."  Ph.D. diss., University of Illinois at Chicago, 1985.

Korpi, D. R.  "Psychohistorical Aspects of Shame and Guilt as Functions of Political Ideology."  DAI 38 (1977): 2866B.

Kurtz, Ernst.  Shame and Guilt: Characteristics of the Dependency Cycle.  Center City, MN: Hazelden, 1981.

Lamb, R. E.  "Guilt, Shame, and Morality."  Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 43, no. 3 (Mar. 1983): 329-346.

Lansky, M.  "Shame and Domestic Violence."  In The Many Faces of Shame.  Ed. D. L. Nathanson.  New York: Guilford Press, 1987.

Lansky, M. R.  "Shame in the Family Relations of Borderline Patients." In The Borderline Patient:  Emerging Concepts in Diagnosis, Psychodynamics, and Treatment.  Eds. J. S. Grotstein, M. Solomon, and J. Lang.  Hillsdale, NJ:  Analytic Press, 1986.

Lansky, M. R. "Violence, Shame and the Family."  International Journal of Family Psychiatry 5 (1984): 21-40.

Lasch, Christopher.  The Culture of Narcissism.  New York:  W. W.

Lauer, D. K.  "An Investigation of Defensive Reactions to Shame."  DAI 22 (1961): 1285.

Levin, S.  "Some Metaphysical Considerations on the Difference Between Shame and Guilt."  International Journal of Psycho-Analysis 48 (1967): 267-276.

Levin, S.  "The Psychoanalysis of Shame." International Journal of Psycho Analysis 52 (1971): 355-362.

Lewinsky, Hilde.  "The Nature of Shyness."  The British Journal of Psychology 32 (1941): 105-112.

Lewis, Helen B.  "Freud and Modern Psychology: The Social Nature of Humanity.'  Psychoanalytic Review  71, no. 1 (Spr. 1984): 7-26.

Lewis, Helen B.  "Shame and Guilt in Human Nature."  In Object and Self: A Developmental Approach.  Eds. S. Tuttman, C. Kaye and M. Zimmerman.  New York: International Universities Press, 1981.

Lewis, Helen B.  "Shame and the Narcissistic Personality."  In The Many Faces of Shame. Ed. D. L. Nathanson.  New York: Guilford Press, 1987.

Lewis, Helen B.  "The Role of Shame in Depression."  In Depression in Young People: Developmental and Clinical Perspectives.  Eds. M. Rutter, C. Izard and P. Read.  New York: Guilford Press, 1986.

Lewis, Helen B.  "The Role of Shame in Symptom Formation."  In Emotions and Psychopathology.  Ed. M. Clynes and J. Panksepp.  New York: Plenum Press, 1988.

Lewis, Helen B.  Shame and Guilt in Neurosis.  New York: International Universities Press, 1971.

Lewis, Helen B., ed.  The Role of Shame in Symptom Formation.  Hillsdale NJ: Erlbaum, 1987.

Lewis, Michael and J. Brooks Gunn.  Social Cognition and the Acquisition of Self.  New York: Plenum Press, 1979.

Lewis, Michael, M. W. Stanger, and M. Weiss.  "Self Development and Self Consciousness."  Child Development 60, no. 1 (Feb. 1989): 146-156.

Lewis, Michael.  "Cultural Differences in Children's Knowledge of Emotional Scripts."  In Children's Understanding of Emotion. Eds. P. Harris and C. Saarni.  New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989.

Lewis, Michael.  "Social Development in Infancy and Early Childhood."  In Handbook of Infancy.  Ed. J. Osofsky, 2nd ed.

Lewis, Michael.  "The Development of Intentionality and the Role of Consciousness."  Psychological Inquiry 1 (1990): 231-248.

Lewis, Michael.  "The Self as a Developmental Concept."  Human Development 22 (1979): 416-419.

Lewis, Michael.  "Why Women Cry and Men Do Not:The Origins of Emotional Differences."  Paper delivered at the International Academy of Sex Research. Princeton, NJ,20-24 June, 1989.

Lewis, Michael.  Shame: The Exposed Self.  New York: The Free Press, 1992.

Lewis, Michael. "The Development of Anger and Rage." In Rage, Power and Aggression. Eds. S. P. Roose and R. Glick. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, (in press).

Lighty, George Alan.  "Dimensions of Shame: The Construction and Validation of a Measurement of Shame."  Ph.D. diss., California School of Professional Psychology - Fresno, 1990.

Lindsay-Harty, J.  "Contrasting Experiences of Shame and Guilt."  American Behavioral Scientist 27 (1984): 689-704.

Lowenfeld, Henry.  "Notes on Shamelessness."  Psychoanalytic Quarterly 14, no. 1 (1976):  62-72.

Lynd, Helen M.  On Shame and the Search for Identity 1st ed. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1958.

MacCurdy, J. T.  "The Biological Significance of Blushing and Shame."  British Journal of Psychology 71 (1965): 19-59.

Marsella, Anthony J., Michael D. Murray, and Charles Golden. "Ethnic Variations in the Phenomenology of Emotions: Shame."  Journal of Cross Cultural Psychology 5, no. 3 (Sept. 1974): 312-328.

Matthis, Irene. "On Shame, Women and Social Conventions." Scandinavian Psychoanalytic Review 4, no. 1 (1981): 45-58.

Mayman, M.  "The Shame Experience, the Shame Dynamic, and Shame Personalities in Psychotherapy."  Paper delivered to the Topeka Psychoanalytic Society, Topeka, KS, September, 1975.

McKinney, John P., Deborah F. Hotch and Stephen A. Truhon.  "The Organization of Behavioral Values During Late Adolescence: Change and Stability Across Two Eras."  Developmental Psychology 13, no. 1 (1977): 83-84.

Meier, Levi.  "Heroic and Shameful Behavior: Personal, Familial and Historical Perspectives."  Journal of Psychology and Judiasm 14 (Sum. 1990): 51-124.

Miller, Rowland S.  "Embarrassment:  Situational Social Anxiety."  Paper delivered at the Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association.  Washington, D.C., 23-27 August, 1982.

Miller, Rowland S.  "Impression Management and the Control of Social Anxieties."  Paper delivered to the Annual Convention of the Southwestern Psychological Association.  San Antonio, Texas, 21-23 April, 1983.

Miller, S.  "Shame as the Impetus to the Creation of Conscience."  International Journal of Psycho Analysis 70 (1989): 231-243.

Miller, S. B. "Humiliation and Shame: Comparing Two Affect States as Indicators of Narcissistic Stress."  Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic 52 (1988): 40-51.

Miller, Susan.  The Shame Experience.  Hillsdale, NJ: Analytic Press, 1985.

Mirman, Morton Chester.  "Shame and Guilt:  Activators, Associated Unconscious Dangers, and Defenses."  Ph.D. diss., Michigan State University, 1984.

Miya, Kenneth K.  "Autonomy and Depression."  Clinical Social Work Journal  4, no. 4 (Win. 1976): 260-268.

Modigiani, A.  "Embarrassability and Embarrassment."  Sociometry 31 (1968): 313-326.

Modigiani, A.  "Embarrassment, Facework, and Eye Contact: Testing a Theory of Embarrassment."  Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 17 (1971): 15-24.

Mollon, Phil.  "Narcississtic Vulnerability and the Fragile Self: A Failure of Mirroring."  British Journal of Medical Psychology 59, no. 4 (Dec. 1986): 317-324.

Mollon, Phil.  "Shame in Relation to Narcissistic Disturbance." British Journal of Medical Psychology 57, no. 3 (Sept. 1984): 204-214.

Morrison, A.  "The Eye Turned Inward: Shame and the Self."  In The Many Faces of Shame. Ed. D. L. Nathanson.  New York: Guilford Press, 1987.

Morrison, Andrew P.  "Shame, Ideal Self and Narcissism."  Contemporary Psychoanalysis 19 (1983): 295-318.

Morrison, Andrew P.  "Working With Shame in Psychoanalytic Treatment."  Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association 32, no. 3 (1984): 479-505.

Morrison, Andrew P.  Shame, the Underside of Narcissism.  Hillsdale, NJ:  Analytic Press, 1989.

Mosher, Donald L. and Barbara B. White.  "On Differentiating Shame and Shyness."  Motivation and Emotions 5, no. 1. (1981): 61-74.

Naiditch, B. "Rekindled Spirit of a Child: Intervention Strategies for Shame with Elementary Age Children of Alcoholics." Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly 4 (1987): 57-69.

Nathanson, Donald L.  "Understanding What is Hidden; Shame in Sexual Abuse."  Psychiatric Clinics of North America 12, no. 2 (June 1989): 381-388.

Nathanson, Donald, ed.  The Many Faces of Shame. New York: Guilford         Press, 1987.

Nathanson, Donald.  "The Shame/Pride Axis."  In The Role Of Shame in Symptom Formation.  Ed. Helen B. Lewis.  Hillsdale NJ: Erlbaum, 1987.

Negaard, Merete O. and George Silberschatz.  "The Effects of Shame, Guilt, and the Negative Reaction in Brief Dynamic Therapy."  Psychotherapy 26, no. 3 (Fall 1989): 330-337.

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