Tuesday, October 15, 2002

Cymbet energy sources provide high energy density ( up to 900 Watt-hours per liter), long cycle life, fast recharge, wide operating temperatures, flat discharge profiles (3.6 volts per cell) and a stable shelf life making it usable as either a rechargeable or primary battery. Click on the POWER FAB™ button for detailed information on the Cymbet thin-film energy system 3:50:21 PM    comment []

CYMBET’s patent pending POWER FAB™ manufacturing process stands for “Programmable Orientation With Enhanced Reactivity” and is a combination of traditional thin-film deposition technologies and proprietary enhancements that “program” the orientation of the material being deposited while maintaining a low process temperature. Combine this unique capability with the high energy density of a lithium cobalt oxide/lithium phosphorous oxynitride (LIPON) couple and you have a paradigm shifting energy source that easily and efficiently replaces existing battery sources with application specific batteries that enable a new generation of thin light weight products. 3:49:35 PM    comment []

Technical Information A. Physical dimension NanoEnergyTM can be customized to fit specific size requirements. The following are two typical battery sizes. 20 mm x 25 mm, with thickness of 0.1 mm (Capacity of 0.1 mAh ) to 0.3 mm (Capacity of 1 mAh) 42 mm x 25 mm, with thickness of 0.1 mm (Capacity of 0.5 mAh) to 0.4 mm (Capacity of 5 mAh) B. Terminals Electrical connections are typically metal foils with 10 mm long, 2 mm wide and 0.1 mm thick. The following figure shows an example of the terminal configuration. C. Packaging The battery is hermetically sealed against gas leakage. D. Battery chemistry The battery is composed of solid-state thin films. There is no liquid in the package. The electrolyte is Lithium Phosphorus Oxynitride (LiPON) developed by Oak Ridge National Laboratories (ORNL). Front Edge Technology has a licensing agreement established with ORNL. Cathode material is LiCoO2, and the anode is Lithium. E. Electrical characteristics Charging Method Battery is charged at 4.2 V constant voltage. No other charging protection is needed. Temperature rise during charging is less then 1 oC. Continuous charging at 4.2 V does not degrade the battery’s performance. There is no overcharging effect. Charging rate NanoEnergyTM can be charged at very high rate without affecting its performance. A 0.25 mAh NanoEnergyTM can be charged to 70% of the rated capacity in two minutes and to full capacity in four minutes. For a 0.9 mAh NanoEnergyTM charged at 4.2 V, the battery reaches 70% of the rated capacity in six minutes and 100% rated capacity in 20 minutes. Figure 2 shows a typical charging curve of a 0.9 mAh battery. A charging curve of a 0.25 mAh battery is shown in figure 6. Discharge rate NanoEnergyTM can be continuously discharged at rates more than 10 C, and more than 20 C in pulsed discharge. Figure 3 shows the discharge characteristics of a 0.9 mAh NanoEnergyTM. Cycle life When charged at 4.2 V and discharged at 1 mA to 3.0 V, the battery has less than 10% capacity loss over 1,000 charge/discharge cycles, see figure 4. Figure 5 shows the discharge curves at the 1st, 500th, and 1000th cycle. Charging rate is lower at the 1000th cycle than that of the first cycle. The charging time required to obtain 95% of the rated capacity is 4 minutes at the first cycle and increases to 6 minutes at the 1000th cycle. Self-discharge The self-discharge rate is less than 5% per year.   F. Storage temperature Battery can be stored at -40 to 80 oC without damage.   G. High temperature performance NanoEnergyTM performs better at elevated temperature due to lower internal resistance. When operated at 100 oC, NanoEnergyTM can be charged and discharged at higher rate and with higher capacity. Figure 7 shows typical discharge curves of a 0.1 mAh NanoEnergyTM discharged at room temperature, 60 oC, and 100 oC. NanoEnergyTM can even be operated at temperatures as high as 170 oC, however, the capacity drops much faster during cycling.   H. Low temperature performance NanoEnergyTM can be operated at temperature as low as -40 oC, however, with lower charge and discharge rates. Figure 8 shows discharge curves of a 0.9 mAh NanoEnergyTM discharged at 30, 0 and -40 oC. The discharge current was 0.5 mA at 30 and 0 oC, and 0.01 mA at -40 oC. Figure 9 is a charging curve of a 0.9 mAh NanoEnergyTM charged at 0 oC. It takes about 80 minutes to reach 95% of the rated capacity. When charged at -40 oC, the battery can be charged to 0.6 mAh in 25 hours. I. Safety and toxicity The battery contains no toxic liquid electrolyte. There is no source for out-gassing or explosion. The small amount of Lithium metal in the battery does not cause fire even if the hermetic seal is broken.   3:42:09 PM    comment []

Ultra thin As thin as 0.05 mm (0.002 inch) including package. Safe & environmentally friendly All solid-state, using ceramic electrolyte LiPON developed by Oak Ridge National Laboratories. Contains no liquid or environmental hazardous material. Long cycle life More than 1, 000 cycles at 100% depth discharge. High current charge Can be charged to 70% of rated capacity in 2 minutes. High current discharge Can be discharged at rates of more than 10 C. Flexible form factor Can be made into different shapes and sizes. Low self-discharge Less than 5% per year. Bendable Can be bent and twisted without damage. 3:40:20 PM    comment []

Front Edge Technology (FET) was established in 1994. FET develops, manufactures and markets next-generation, ultra-thin rechargeable batteries for card-type applications. FET’s product, NanoEnergyTM, is thinner than a piece of paper. When embedded in micro devices, NanoEnergyTM acts as an autonomous power source, which enables new functions of these micro devices and greatly adds their value. FET is working with its customers to develop next generation self-powered micro systems. FET is building a NanoEnergyTM production line with designed annual capacity of 200,000 pieces of 1-mAh NanoEnergyTM. This production line includes six industrial-scaled, in-line vacuum deposition systems, as well as other supporting equipment. Samples of NanoEnergyTM made by this production line have been delivered to FET’s customers for their product developments. 3:39:20 PM    comment []

The CPS Cell is made of a highly developed ceramic foam. While an air/fuel mixture flows through its sponge like structure, the fuel does not burn up like in a conventional burner. In the CPS Cell it oxidizes from pore to pore without open flame - similar to a thermal reactor. The pores have a precisely defined structure and size that prevents the fuel from flaming up and therefore developing thermal pollutant emissions. A simple yet sophisticated heat control system keeps the cell’s temperature at a moderate temperature of around 1200 Degrees Celsius. This translates into no or ultra low levels of harmful gases such as NOx, CO and HC. The cell’s output power can be accurately controlled and varied within 5% to 100% of its rated power. Its response time to changing load demands is only a few Milliseconds (thousands of a second), allowing for highly dynamic applications. With their incredible power capacity of up to 30 MW/m³ CPS Cells can turn out thermal energy so high that a cell of only one cubic metre in size could theoretically generate sufficient heat to supply about 1,000 houses. As a result only a very small cell is required for SteamCell™ applications. An effortless ignition system gets the CPS started, afterwards it keeps itself going until the fuel supply is shut off. All used materials and components are inexpensive, fully recyclable and easy to manufacture. 10:21:58 AM    comment []

design specification: heat: electricity: dimensions: weight : 2,4 - 24 kW (8 - 80 KBTU) 0,5 - 6 kW 500 x 500 x 200 mm 40 kg (88 lbs.) emissions: (based on CNG) NOx CO HC < 4ppm < 2ppm = 0ppm noise: < 54 dB SteamCellTM available: 2004 10:17:34 AM    comment []